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Kanban Cards

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What is Kanban?

The Kanban system is an information system that harmoniously controls the production of the necessary products in the necessary quantities at the necessary time in every process of a factory and also among companies.

Bullwhip effect

The Bullwhip effect in supply chain management refers to a situation where even small changes in customer demand can lead to significant fluctuations in production quantities for manufacturers.

To minimize these variations and ensure smoother production, a method called production smoothing is implemented. This process is facilitated by using Kanban cards.

Kanban cards – application

1. IT support: A support ticket can move through different stages like triage, assignment, resolution and closure. This helps keep track on number of support tickets.

2. Healthcare service: Each patient can be assigned a Kanban card and its movement can be tracked. For e.g. entry stage forms are filled, payment is done, progress in the health etc.

3. Manufacturing: To help reduce WIP (work in progress), inventory and prevent over or under production

4. Event management

Classification of Kanban cards

Production ordering Kanban

Ø These signals prompt the preceding activity to begin manufacturing when the inventory in the “semi-finished goods store” reaches a reorder level.

Ø For e.g. For an engine assembly line, Kanban’s will be attached on scheduling board which has “color-coded scale”.

Ø Inventory racks which hold semi finished goods like crank shaft, piston and cylinder are being consumed, assemblies are completed and thus inventory reduces reaching the reorder point.

Ø Kanban’s are attached on these scheduling boards signifying inventory of semi finished goods store. When Kanban’s reach the top of the red area, the respective machining shops (preceding activity) are notified to start manufacturing of the respective items.

Withdrawal kanban

Ø These signals prompt the material handler to withdraw items from the centralized store for different workstations.

Ø For e.g. There is an assembly line which produces smartphones. It has four different types of assembly lines: electronic board, screen, batteries and casing

Ø Each workstation will have its individual store where respective parts will be stocked.

Ø As the assembly progresses, parts are consumed, leading the individual stores near workstations to reach the “reorder point” levels.

Ø The Mizusumashi (kanban and material handler) will take the Kanban card of the required item as an “authorization” to withdraw the item from the central store.

Ø The central store too will have re-order points set for its inventory. Once the inventory levels reach the reorder point, the Mizusumashi (Kanban and material handler) will notify the store keeper to re order the items from the supplier.

Supplier kanban

Ø Supplier Kanban will help notify the supplier to refill the inventory levels.

Ø It is very crucial to minimize the fluctuation in ordering of inventory from the supplier. Thus two types of information are conveyed to the suppliers.

Ø There are certain calculations done by the supplier after taking into consideration monthly production schedule as follows

Supplier Kanban – Monthly Information

Supplier Kanban – Daily production schedule

Ø Depending on the withdrawal system either “later replenishment” or “sequenced withdrawal system” is used to convey the daily production schedule.

Ø Later replenishment uses supplier Kanban (now E-Kanban for supplier) to refill the inventory levels of Toyota and sequenced withdrawal system uses scheduling table conveyed by E-Kanban.

Supplier Kanban – System of later replenishment

The idea of later replenishment system is to have simultaneous activities of:

1. Loading of goods from supplier which were made on the prompt of supplier Kanban delivered one day prior. Also to submit today’s request of inventory with supplier Kanban.

2. Unloading of goods of the truck which carries the requested inventory of the prior day from the supplier on Toyota’s site.

Benefits of kanban

Ø Kanban cards help manage work in progress

Ø Reducing excess inventory of raw material

Ø Eliminating over production to a great extent

Ø Kanban board also help spot the bottle neck process/stage

Ø Kanban boards also help prioritizing the work

Ø Helps provide transparency to all the stake holders regarding current stage in any given process through Kanban board

References

1. Michel B.(Reprint 2017). Lean logistics. Productivity Press.

2. Yasuhiro M. (4th Edition). Toyota Production System. CRC Press.

3. Website: theplanningmaster.com

4. Website: talentvis.com

Root Cause Analysis

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What is Root Cause Analysis?

The Root Cause Analysis (RCA) is a technique that allows people to determine the reasons why a particular problem has occurred.

This technique identifies the source of the problem using precise steps and tools so that necessary steps can be taken in the future to avoid the problem from happening again. The root cause analysis is done in a systematic way. It involves different steps such as describing the existing problem, collecting the necessary data linked with the problem, identifying possible causes, identifying causes that need to be addressed to prevent the problem from recurring, identifying solutions, implementing changes, and observing the changes.

This particular tool can analyze a particular system at once. This is often used in complicated systems when multiple problems exist, and it is important to immediately get to the root cause of the problem. The current reality tree is created by listing all the undesirable events and problems observed in a particular process.

RCA is an important problem-solving tool used in quality improvement. It is one of the most useful tool in lean Six Sigma process improvement projects.

Basically, in the DMAIC approach the 3rd phase analyse is all about analyzing the data and finding cause of problem so in that phase RCA is used to identify the root cause of problems.

RCA is not a single person approach, it is completely a team-based approach where a team of 3-4 members come together and focus on finding the root cause of the problem where they use a lot of different tea, decision-making techniques.

So that this team-based activity produces good results with consensus of all team member. Now let’s see the three basic types of causes because of which all the problem happen

There are three basic types of cause:

  1. 1. Physical causes– Tangible, material items failed in some way (for example, a car’s brakes stopped working).
  2. 2. Human causes– People did something wrong or did not do something that was needed. Human causes typically lead to physical causes (for example, no one filled the brake fluid, which led to the brakes failing).
  3. 3. Organizational causes– A system, process, or policy that people use to make decisions or do their work is faulty (for example, no one person was responsible for vehicle maintenance, and everyone assumed someone else had filled the brake fluid).

How to perform Root Cause Analysis

The 1st step of RCA is to identify the problematic situation and then analyze that situation to understand what’s happening there, and what are the different factors that are impacting the problematic area.

  1. 2. Gather data.

A critical step in root cause analysis is the collection of relevant data about an incident or a problematic event. Documenting all the characteristics and specifications of the event will help you answer questions like What are the contributing factors? When did the problem occur? Is it a repeating event? What is the observed impact?

  1. 3. Determine possible causal factors.

Creating a sequence of events is important to identify causal factors that can contribute to the observed problem or event. The project team tasked with the analysis of the problem should establish a timeline of events and brainstorm as many potential causal factors as possible by asking “Why?” questions. Using a causal graph, for instance, helps to visually represent the connection between events and enables tracking of the root cause.

  1. 4. Determine the Root Cause of the Problem

This is the time to identify as many causes as possible. The analysis team can use techniques such as the 5 Whys, Fishbone analysis, or Pareto chart to narrow down the potential underlying cause or causes of the problem and the major contributing factors. During this phase, stakeholders and other relevant teams should be involved.

  1. 5. Prioritize the Causes

Once the root causes are established, they need to be prioritized and tackled accordingly. To determine which cause or challenge to address first, the analysis team needs to assess what is the impact of the cause – the higher the impact, the greater its priority. Another point when prioritizing root causes is the number of causal factors triggered by a specific challenge – the greater the number of causal factors, the greater the impact of the root cause is and yields immediate addressing.

  1. 6. Solution, Recommendation, and Implementation

Next step upon establishing root causes and their prioritization is finding solutions to the problem and their implementation. Brainstorming is a great way to attempt and come up with a variety of potential solution scenarios. Another approach is interviewing as many people as possible. Gathering input as well as the implementation of the solution requires involvement from everyone. On one hand, every recommendation counts, and on the other, a successful implementation is the one that sticks with everyone affected.

6 Popular root cause analysis tools

The ultimate goal of root cause analysis is to find out the root cause of the problem and organize all the cause as per their impact on the problem and then action to prevent those problems from happening again.

In this entire process of finding the root cause of the problem, RCA uses 6 powerful tools.

1. 5 Whys Analysis

The 5 Whys is a method that uses a series of questions to drill down into successive layers of a problem. The basic idea is that each time you ask why, the answer becomes the basis of the next why. It’s a simple tool useful for problems where you don’t need advanced statistics, so you don’t necessarily want to use it for complex problems.

One application of this technique is to more deeply analyze the results of a Pareto analysis. Here’s an example of how to use the 5 Whys:

Problem: Final assembly time exceeds target

  • -> Why is downtime in final assembly higher than our goal? According to the Pareto chart, the biggest factor is operators needing to constantly adjust Machine A
  • -> Why do operators need to constantly adjust Machine A? Because it keeps having alignment problems
  • -> Why does Machine A keep having alignment problems? Because the seals are worn
  • -> Why are Machine A’s seals worn? Because they aren’t being replaced as part of our preventive maintenance program
  • -> Why aren’t they being replaced as part of our preventive maintenance program?

2. Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA)

The failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA) is a technique that is used to determine the failures within a particular system. A lot of companies use this RCA tool to find out which parts of the processes are faulty so that they can be corrected. It also determines the number of times the failure occurs, the actions implemented by the organization to prevent the failure from recurring, and determining areas, where actions taken, were effective. This tool is often done every time a new process or product is generated.

An FMEA chart outlines:

  • -> Potential failures, consequences and causes
  • -> Current controls to prevent each type of failure.

Severity (S), occurrence (O) and detection (D) ratings that allow you to calculate a risk priority number (RPN) for determining further action

3. Fault Tree Analysis

The fault tree analysis is another method of determining the root cause of a particular problem. It uses Boolean logic to determine the cause of the problem in any undesirable event. As the name implies, this tool involves creating a diagram that looks like trees where all potential causes are written down as branches.

4. Fishbone Diagram

Also called the Ishikawa diagram, a fishbone diagram is a useful tool in conducting root cause analysis. Similar to the fault tree diagram, it is named after its shape–a fishbone–and is used to group causes into different sub-categories like methods, measurements, materials and many others for easier determination of the cause.

5. Pareto Charts

A Pareto chart is a histogram or bar chart combined with a line graph that groups the frequency or cost of different problems to show their relative significance. The bars show frequency in descending order, while the line shows cumulative percentage or total as you move from left to right.

The Pareto chart example above is a report from layered process audit software that groups together the top seven categories of failed audit questions for a given facility. Layered process audits (LPAs) allow you to check high-risk processes daily to verify conformance to standards. LPAs identify process variations that cause defects, making Pareto charts a powerful reporting tool for analyzing LPA findings.

Pareto charts are one of the seven basic tools of quality described by quality pioneer Joseph Juran. Pareto charts are based on Pareto’s law, also called the 80/20 rule, which says that 20% of inputs drive 80% of results.

6. Scatter Plot diagram

A scatter plot or scatter diagram uses pairs of data points to help uncover relationships between variables. A scatter plot is a quantitative method for determining whether two variables are correlated, such as testing potential causes identified in your fishbone diagram.

Making a scatter diagram is as simple as plotting your independent variable (or suspected cause) on the x-axis, and your dependent variable (the effect) on the y-axis. If the pattern shows a clear line or curve, you know the variables are correlated and you can proceed to regression or correlation analysis.

References:

OEE & Six Big Losses of OEE

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What is OEE?

Overall equipment effectiveness (OEE) is a term used to evaluate how efficiently a manufacturer’s operation is being used. In other words, overall equipment effectiveness helps you notice a problem in your operations, identify which percentage of manufacturing time is actually productive and fix it while giving you a standardized gauge for tracking progress. The goal for measuring your OEE is continuous improvement.

In the language of OEE that means 100% Quality (only Good Parts), 100% Performance (as fast as possible), and 100% Availability (no Stop Time)

Why OEE is an important KPI for manufacturing success?

OEE is a key KPI for efficiency tracking. The data provides complete details about productivity rate, which in turn helps in reducing downtime, waste etc.

While we have other KPIs like Overall Operations Effectiveness (OOE), Total Equipment Effective Performance (TEEP), measuring OEE is the most focused and measured KPI because it plays a critical role in identifying root cause issues and accelerating the productivity and RoI.

OEE benchmarks 

While setting OEE as a KPI for measuring equipment effectiveness is a great move but what do you measure against. You need a baseline right? This is where the OEE benchmark comes in.

  • 1. An OEE score of 100% stands for perfect production.
  • 2. An OEE score of 85% is considered as a world-class benchmark for discrete manufacturers with a little room for improvement.
  • 3. An OEE score of 60% is for discrete manufacturers means there is some room for improvement.

An OEE score of 40% is quite common among manufacturing companies that just start tracking and improving manufacturing performance. It is a low score and should be addressed quickly.

How to calculate OEE and factors contributing to it

As far as OEE is concerned, there are 3 factors that contribute to the OEE data: Availability, Performance and Quality.

OEE = Availability x Performance x Quality

What is Availability in OEE

It is all about the availability of the machine during a planned schedule. Availability of the machine helps in identifying the losses whenever there is a STOP time or changeover.

The STOP time can be planned or unplanned or changeover, it can impact the availability of the machine leading to produce less than expected.

While changeovers can’t be eliminated completely, reducing them is always viable to reduce availability loss.

Availability (%) = Run Time (operating time) /Net available time

*Operating Time = Net Available Time – Unplanned Downtime

* Net Available Time = Shift Length – Planned Downtime

What is Performance in OEE

Performance in OEE provides data on the speed which the machine performs against the desired speed. While the ideal machine running time may be of a certain capacity, real-time running time might be relatively slower.

This can be due to minor stops, idle time or reduced speed.

Addressing these challenges will help improve the speed on the work centre and reduce performance loss.

This is how Performance is calculated.

  • Producing product within a stipulated time – Performance
Performance = (Ideal Cycle Time × Total Count) / Run Time

What is Quality in OEE

Quality in OEE represents the number of goods produced without any defect. If you’ve 100% of goods produced without any defect, then the work centre is performing phenomenally. However, this rarely happens. It is all about reducing the defective products and producing only good quality ones.

This is how Quality is calculated.

  • Produced in right way – Quality

Quality (%) = (Total Parts Produced – Total Scrap) / Total Parts Produced

OEE Calculation Example

OEE = Availability x Performance x Quality = 88 x 85 x 97 = 72.5%

………………………….

SIX BIG LOSSES OF OEE

One of the major goals of TPM (Total Productive Maintenance) and OEE (Overall Equipment Effectiveness) is to reduce and eliminate Six Big Losses. We have to capture the Six Big Losses to gain additional actionable insight to the OEE Factors of Availability, Performance, and Quality.

Classification of Six Big Losses

  1. 1. AVAILABILITY LOSS

a. Unplanned Stops – Equipment Failure

Equipment Failure accounts for any significant period of time in which equipment is scheduled for production but is not running due to a failure of some sort.

  • Examples:- Common reasons for Equipment Failure
  1. 1. Tooling failure
  2. 2. Breakdowns
  3. 3. Unplanned maintenance.

From the broader perspective of unplanned stops, other common reasons include lack of operators or materials

  • A good rule of thumb is to set that threshold based on your policy for tracking reasons. For example, your policy might be that any downtime longer than two minutes should have a reason associated with it – and thus shall be considered Equipment Failure.

b. Planned Stops – Setup & Adjustments

Setup and Adjustments accounts for any significant periods of time in which equipment is scheduled for production but is not running due to a changeover or other equipment adjustment.

  • Example:- Common reasons for Setup and Adjustments include
  1. 1. Setup
  2. 2. Changeovers
  3. 3. Major adjustments
  4. 4. Tooling adjustments.

From the broader perspective of planned stops, other common reasons include cleaning, warmup time, planned maintenance, and quality inspections.

  • The largest source of Setup and Adjustment time is typically changeovers (also referred to as make ready or setup), which can be addressed through a SMED (Single-Minute Exchange of Die) program.

  1. 2. PERFORMANCE LOSS

A. Small Stops – Idling & Minor Stops

Idling and Minor Stops accounts for time where the equipment stops for a short period of time (typically a minute or two) with the stop resolved by the operator.

  • Example:- Common reasons for Idling and Minor Stops include
  1. 1. Mis feeds
  2. 2. Material jams
  3. 3. Obstructed product flow
  4. 4. Incorrect settings
  5. 5. Misaligned or blocked sensors
  6. 6. Equipment design issues
  7. 7. Periodic quick cleaning.

B. Slow Cycles – Reduced Speed 

Reduced Speed accounts for time where equipment runs slower than the Ideal Cycle Time (the theoretical fastest possible time to manufacture one part).

  • Example:- Reduced speed include
  1. 1. Dirty or worn out equipment
  2. 2. Poor lubrication
  3. 3. Substandard materials
  4. 4. Poor environmental conditions
  5. 5. Operator inexperience
  6. 6. Start up
  7. 7. Shutdown.

3. QUALITY LOSS

A. Production Rejects – Process Defects

Process Defects account for defective parts produced during stable (steady-state) production. This includes scrapped parts as well as parts that can be reworked, since OEE measures quality from a First Pass Yield perspective.

  • Example :- Common reasons for process defects include
  1. 1. Incorrect equipment settings
  2. 2. operator or equipment handling errors etc.

B. Start-up Rejects – Reduced Yields 

Reduced Yield accounts for defective parts produced from start-up until stable (steady-state) production is reached. This includes scrapped parts as well as parts that can be reworked. Reduced Yield can occur after any equipment start-up, however, it is most commonly tracked after changeovers.

Example :- Common reasons for Reduced Yield includes

  1. 1. Suboptimal changeovers
  2. 2. Incorrect settings when a new part is run
  3. 3. Equipment that needs warmup cycles
  4. 4. Equipment that inherently creates waste after start-up (e.g., a web press).

BENEFITS TO USE SIX BIG LOSSES FRAMEWORK:

By focus on the Six Big Losses framework creates a concrete path to improve your OEE score.

1. Working to reduce Availability Loss in the form of Equipment Failures or Setups and Adjustments protects you against preventable unplanned stops or downtime, as well as minimizes any planned stops.

2. Addressing Performance Loss that results from Idling and Minor Stops, as well as Reduced Speed, prevents small stops and slow cycles from accumulating.

3. Finally, minimizing Quality Loss in the form of Process Defects and Reduced Yield reduces the number of unusable parts produced before and during steady-state production.

 

REFERENCES:

  1. 1. https://www.oee.com
  2. 2. https://www.nikunjbhoraniya.com/2020/02
  3. 3. https://www.oeesystems.com/knowledge
  4. 4. https://www.shutterstock.com
  5. 5. https://www.freepik.com
  6. 6. https://www.hakunamatatatech.com

How to auto complete code in Notepad++ Clay-Technology World

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But you still have a chance to recover unsaved Notepad files from the temporary files since the contents of the Notepad files have been saved on your computer temporarily. It will make your page as editable just like notepad. If you want to save your content, do the usual browser save(CMD+S for OSX).

A delay can also be added to allow noise and vibration to settle. For M851 and LCD menus give a range for adjusting the Z probe offset. Set to 2 for a fast/slow probe – the second probe result will be used. Set to 3 or more for slow probes – the average result will be used.

Method 1:  Use Notepad to create the new file.

Certain APIs, namely SOAP APIs and REST APIs, send information to other applications packaged in XML files. When programming in HTML, a developer must use tags from the HTML tag library, or a standardized set of tags. While you can do a lot with these tags, there is a limited number available. That means there are only so many ways you can structure content on a web page. One of the most popular and efficient ways of storing and moving data online.

  • Notepad isn’t just for taking notes and opening readme files.
  • You can also learn how to download and install it on your windows computer by following steps below.
  • Set “Pivot Point” to “Individual Origins” so every selected bone will use itself as a pivot point.
  • One of the advantages of the Manual Method is you get the up-to-date plugin, as the plugin manager/admin repository may have an older version.

The two files will now open side by side, highlighting the parts that are different from one another. Right-click on the file and select Compare selected. If the capacity of your hard drive is running low, it is time to clean off some files and to …

Directly Open Files With Admin Rights In Notepad

Compare PDF is available for Windows for $35 for a single user license. Iguring out how a document has changed from one version to another isn’t always the simplest task. It’s further complicated when that document is longer or more complex, like source code.

As a cross-platform IDE, it is available on Windows, LInux, and MacOS. IDLE consists of a multi-window text editor with syntax highlighting and an integrated debugger that offers stepping, persistent breakpoints, and call stack visibility. Whether you’re a college freshman taking your first CS course, or a Staff Software Engineer, http://us-isr-energycenter.org/effortlessly-boost-your-productivity-a you need an IDE or a code editor to efficiently edit, read, and debug code. If you’re going to work with scientific computations, data science or machine learning applications you should definitely give JupyterLab a try. Notepad++ can use program calls to execute Python code without switching to another window to run a Python shell.

How to Recover Deleted Notes on iPhone?

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One cool feature about Brackets is Live Preview. The Live Preview presents web developers with a real-time connection to their browsers. After install Windows on Mac, you should install VMware tools to enable 3D graphics and Unity mode. Click on “Virtual Machine” and “Install VMware Tool”. After that, click on the ‘Continue’ to configure VMware settings.

  • Notepad++ is so popular that it https://hekwereld.nl/notepad/notepad-alternatives-for-chromebook-users-top/ has an extremely passionate fanbase who refuses to use anything else other than Notepad++.
  • Solarized reduces brightness contrast but, unlike many low contrast colour schemes, it retains contrasting hues for syntax highlighting readability.
  • Then click on Zoom In to enlarge the text size on Notepad.

In Lisp, the equivalent to a block is a first-class data entity, and giving it its own indentation level helps to emphasize that, whereas in C, a block is only syntax. This style can also be found in some ALGOL and XPL programming language textbooks from the 1960s and 1970s. Although not directly related to indentation, GNU coding style also includes a space before the bracketed list of arguments to a function. Unix editors default to positioning tabs at intervals of eight columns, while Macintosh and MS-Windows environments defaulted to four columns. EditorConfig helps maintain consistent coding styles for multiple developers working on the same project across various editors and IDEs. EditorConfig files are easily readable and they work nicely with version control systems.

In many cases, you can simply retrieve lost Notepad files from the temp folder. When that doesn’t work, there’s always Disk Drill, an easy-to-use data recovery tool capable of delivering professional results. Considering how simple of an application Notepad is, it’s surprising how many people are desperate to know how to recover Notepad files. From the guide above, you can see that it’s simple to recover unsaved Notepad files from the temporary folder on any device. For deleted Notepad file recovery, you can use EaseUS Data Recovery Wizard to make it effective. This tool is not only good at data recovery but also powerful in file repair.

Download Notepad++

How to recover Notepad files not saved or deleted? Several practicable methods in this article could help you recover lost or unsaved Notepad documents. This article covers different ways about how to recover deleted Notepad files through different measures such as recovery software and the remaining temporary files. We recommend using Microsoft OneDrive for backing up your files. OneDrive lets you save, share and preview files, access download history, move, delete, and rename files, as well as create new folders, and much more.

But the TextEdit is not convenient for source code editing and therefore it cannot replace Notepad++. In order to find the best alternative to Notepad++ for Mac, we used so many Source Code Editor Apps on Mac Computer. Notepad++ is so efficient program that the developers are addicted to use it.

Method 3: Use Run Command

As a shortcut, press and hold together CTRL + S keys for the faster, convenient, and constant saving of text documents. After you downloaded and installed the tool, access the program via the Start menu, desktop shortcut icon, or pinned icon in the taskbar. If your device is a removable one, connect it to your computer.

Check your grammar, spelling, and punctuation

What’s even better, everything needed is contained in this 56MB app wrapper. Mavericks doesn’t include X11 and some other bits, but with this wrapper, you don’t need to download or install any of them. Although there are some excellent alternatives to Notepad for Mac, many Windows users miss the simplicity of Notepad. For programmers, coders or just those that want to jot down notes, the humble and basic Notepad is still one of the most useful programs in Windows. But maybe there are other options, like involving other independent developers? Nobody likes working for free, but luckily Apple fanbois are used to paying for everything, all the way down to ringtones for their phones.

Go to the TXT folder and select the text files you want to recover. You may also look for the name of the documents on the search bar above to find them quickly. And lastly, hit the Recoverbutton to retrieve your text files. No worries because below are the most effective tools and techniques on how to undo deleted text on laptop or computer. You may choose whether to recover your text files using keyboard combinations, temp files, backup, or a reliable third-party tool.

How to install and use Notepad++ in Linux Tutorial

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These files do not completely erase from the hard disc even after removing them from the Recycle Bin. Let’s discuss some recovery methods you can utilize on Windows 10/11. Windows users must be very familiar with Notepad, a basic text editor for noting and editing.

  • Don’t give up hope, as Data Recovery can help recover the deleted .txt filles on Windows, as well as support recovery of deleted photos, videos, other documents files, etc.
  • Process TXT, INI, CPP discreetlist.ca/h/streamline-your-notepad-experience-with-plugin/, CXX, INL, HTM, STM, TCL and JAVA.
  • Hence, you can look through all the data to find the files.
  • If the contents of the file you were editing in Notepad disappeared mere seconds ago, try undoing your last action.

The process of finding duplication is tedious, and the chances of errors are much higher in manual procedures. However, you don’t need to get worried anymore, as our efficient online assists you in tracking any similarity in two text files. On mine, it colors the differing lines a yellowish shade and puts an exclamation point inside a yellow triangle icon in the area where the line numbers appear. I don’t think I have any special settings, just the defaults. Supports up to 3 different file comparisons on a single window.

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Workshare Compare is an enterprise-level document comparison tool that lets you compare Word documents and text-based PDFs. You can compare one document to multiple others. It’s available for Windows for $145 for a one-year subscription.

The programme can handle most file formats, however your safest bet is using .txt files as these are the most easily shared and compatible across most operating systems. Notepad programmes have always been for those quick, to-do list style notes and jottings that you would originally have written down in – you guessed it – a physical notepad. But now we work and play digitally, having a simple programme for recording an important idea instantly is really useful. The Windows Notepad is a text editor just like S Code, Atom, Sublime Text, and others. It just does not have the features of other more advanced text editors like syntax highlighting, text formatting, built-in terminal, and so on.

Compare with Notepad ++ Diff

Update the question so it focuses on one problem only by editing this post. It’s very useful when you have a quick sticky saved in google keep and can send it right to someone else who needs the same quick info. I very much frown on people coming to meetings and training sessions that I run without pen and paper. I feel that they are not prepared, not having enough respect for me to think that I might provide something that they would find of value. Both help me a lot to be clear what I’m doing, what I did and collect new ideas.

Organising text files on your computer based on importance is the biggest reason for losing text files. The program will start to scan your disk for all your documents. After that, click the TXT folder to find the deleted Notepad files according to the file name, created date. If the deleted Notepad files don’t appear after the first scanning, click Deep Scan. This method applies when you have saved your .txt files but lost it by mistake.

Top 3 Ways to Prevent Users From Installing New Software on Windows 11

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In many cases, a STOP or error code is shown below the main message indicating what the problem may be. A computer repair specialist will be able to run a series of diagnostic tests that will give them additional information and know what the correct solution is. The internet is inundated with articles on how to solve every common computer problem that one can think of. Forums and comment threads even contradict the articles they follow with multiple ways to tackle issues and often get heated about which is the best solution. While authors and commenters are correct that most issues can be solved at home, there are plenty of common computer problems that require a specialist to fix.

  • Do you have limited visibility into key security metrics?
  • How-To Backblaze Cloud Backup Review – Updated 2021 Backing up your data to the cloud via an automated service is critical.
  • It doesn’t necessarily indicate a security risk, however it’s good to keep an eye on where these are coming from.
  • Startup items are programs that automatically run when you login to your computer.
  • If you’ve tried all the steps above and you can’t fix the blue screen, try reinstalling Windows onto a formatted hard drive.

If for some reason, a program doesn’t get its request fulfilled, you will get an error saying ‘unhandled exception’ and the program might even terminate. In worst scenario, it could even cause HewlettPackard Company dll error the computer to shut down. If you have seen that error, you can visit the webpage of Microsoft’s list of fatal errors and identify your problem. Stay ahead of the pack with a dynamic real-time boost feature that switches priorities as you switch programs.

Proxy Server Alerting Keys

Exports the whole registry in V4 format to an ANSI .REG file. Once you know how to work the registry, you can do many amazing things to your PC. Starting from speeding up the performance all the way to personalizing your Windows experience on the next level. Disable remote access to your Windows Registry. Continue reading our article to learn more about this topic.

How to stop people from changing your Windows 10 desktop

Our content is provided by security experts and professional malware researchers. If you have SSD or external HDD drives connected to your computer, try disconnecting them from your computer and check if this helps.

Create a .LOG file in Notepad on Windows PCs

We recommend first updating any domain controllers with 4.1.0 installed to 4.1.1 before then attempting to install the latest available version of Duo for Windows Logon. Furthermore, the malware uses native Windows tools to perform its commands so it is undetectable by signature-based security software such as antivirus. Turns out, the Windows registry is not as scary as everyone makes it out to be. Granted, if you do not know what you are doing, there is ample opportunity for you to severely mess up installed software and the operating system itself. But not only is it simple to fix (backups, backups, backups!), you would also have to be fairly careless in what changes you were making. Overwriting old log files might not always help.

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Another post on the topic: Comprehensive Guide to Impotence Medication: Solutions and Insights

Thus it is important to clean your registry regularly. In order to clear the registry Windows even offers a default method.

Solved: Operation Did Not Complete Successfully Virus PUP

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We will also discuss browser support, as well as some caveats if you decide you want to switch to the vector image format. If you keep zooming in on the PNG rectangle, you’ll notice its quality begins to downgrade at some point. With more complex pixel-based graphics, the degradation becomes evident much faster. However, SVGs look good at practically any resolution.

  • In this article, we share five ways to show file extensions in Windows.
  • The Department of State has stated that applicants are advised when they apply that there is no time period within which administrative processing must be completed.
  • The resulting files are compact and provide high-quality graphics on the web, in print, and even on resource-constrained, handheld devices, unlike GIF, JPEG, WBMP, and PNG, which are bulky.
  • We have presented almost all of the options above for rar and unrar commands with their examples.
  • Tap the icon with a plus sign to open the Archiving options.

Read mode PERMISSIVE Allows a mode for dealing with corrupt records during parsing. MongoDB has been wise to adopt the standard JSON schema, which is easy enough for ordinary mortals to understand. JSON Schema allows document data to be checked with a variety of tools before it is even imported into the database. We’re looking forward to a version of MongoDB that provides the precision of data error reporting that we’re used to getting from JSON Schema validators. A common misconception about using NoSQL databases is that no structures or document schemas are required. In most cases, applications tend to have some constraints for the data even though they may not specifically validate it. For example, there might be some fields in the document that the application depends on for functionality.

Arrive US Immigration Law Podcast – Episode 19 – Sponsorship for a US Work Visa

This week we released more tips here a major new version of the rsvg package on CRAN. ; in which graphical elements are represented as arrays of pixels. GIMP is mainly a raster graphics program, but paths are vector entities. To minimize security risks, make sure to sanitize SVG files before uploading them to the WordPress media library. This process removes suspicious code and errors, making the images safe for your site. That covers the basics, but you can learn more about the technical details of raster graphics and vector graphics on Wikipedia.

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JSON-viewer provides a chart to represent our server response or our given JSON in the graphical view. It also provides the feature of deep traversing the property of JSON using breadcrumbs. This JSON Parser provides the feature to parse JSON data into string parse as well as JS eval. It also provides the view to beautify, show types, and indexes of a JSON object. JSONeditoronline is a web-based tool that is used to edit, view, diff JSON documents, and transform format. This tool provides a view of the tree-based structure as well. You can also name this validator as a JSON verifier as well.

How to Scan an Email Attachment on Windows 10

United States Citizenship and Immigration Services allows you to apply for H1B visa extension for 6 months before the expiration. It takes around two to three months by the USCIS for processing the H1B visa petitions.

The USCIS 240-day rule permits a visa holder to continue their work in the U.S. for up to 240 days if their H-1B extension application is pending. Applicants do not need to wait for extension approval to begin working for the new company. USCIS allows H-1B visa holders to switch jobs legally, provided they submit their extension application on time.

Microsoft Plans to Forcibly Update Some Windows 10 PCs

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DLL, in full Dynamic Link Library, is a type of file that contains a set of instruction codes and data to carry out a specific function for an application in Windows operating systems. In Windows, many applications are not complete executable files, they are divided into some relatively independent dynamic link libraries, namely DLL files, which are placed in the system. An application can have multiple DLL files, and a DLL file may also be shared by several applications. Logitech Gaming Software is a new application to keep your hardware up-to-date. Then, download the new software from the Logitech website to fix .dll errors without losing update functionality.

You can easily turn your Windows 10 PC into a Windows 11 computer without having to delete a single file or application already installed on it. When Windows 10 was first released, Microsoft announced a free upgradation offer to Windows 7 and Windows 8.1 users. The offer allowed all Windows 7 nvapi.dll download and Windows 8.1 users to upgrade to Windows 10 for free. That offer ended in 2017, but it looks like a method still existed to upgrade older computers to Windows 10 for free in 2020. We guide our loyal readers to some of the best products, latest trends, and most engaging stories with non-stop coverage, available across all major news platforms. Microsoft will officially support 8th Gen and newer Intel Core processors and Apollo Lake, and newer Pentium and Celeron processors,reports The Verge. Over on AMD, you’d have to have Ryzen 2000, Ryzen Threadripper 2000, or Epyc 2nd Gen or later to run Windows 11.

is windows 10 update free

The mail with your License Key is not sent out until the process is completed and the money has been registered in our account. Your lifetime license can be used on one computer at a time. To move license from one computer to another, contact support. The DLL-files.com Client did not meet my expectations. Make sure that you have the correct version of the program for your Windows environment. This error comes from mixing up 32bit environment with 64bit one. The simplest way to get rid of the error, is to stop Windows from attempting to load this file.

Microsoft’s Office Mobile app is getting a new Video Creation feature

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Also this week, Microsoft issued out-of-band updates to fix a connection issue between Secure Sockets Layer and Transport Layer Security in a number of versions of Windows. Those systems running older versions of Windows 10 will first get the May 2021 update before they can install this year’s update. Beyond these broad sweeps, there wasn’t much in the way of technical specifics about the features.

  • For details, seeMicrosoft’s Security Update Guide and October 2022 Security Updates.
  • He is having good technical knowledge and experience in Windows data recovery.
  • Uninstalling all unused and unwanted programs is straightforward and frees up processor resources for the programs you use.
  • If the ownership must be set on all subkeys too (as is more often the case on Windows 7/Vista), then check the Replace owner on subcontainers and objects checkbox.
  • The truth is, you can install new releases of Windows 10 on virtually any drive.

If your device is using an Ethernet connection, your device will connect to the network automatically. If you’re using a wireless connection, you’ll need to set up the connection manually. If you’re not setting a second keyboard layout, click the Skip button.

For how long will the Windows 10 accessibility upgrade be available?

In this setup, a software program can use less memory because it does not have to load all components at once. Short for Dynamic Link Library, a DLL file is a file type that contains sets of instructions that programs use to complete processes.

If Windows doesn’t find one, try looking for it on the official website of the device manufacturer. You should then see multiple DLL files used by Windows. However, if you wish to do so, you need to use a trusted software program like Microsoft Disassembler or Microsoft Visual Studio.

Poka-Yoke

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What is Poka-yoke?

Poka-Yoke is a Japanese term that means “mistake-proofing” or “error prevention“. A poka-yoke is any mechanism in a process that helps an equipment operator to avoid (yokeru) mistakes (poka) and defects by preventing, correcting, or drawing attention to human errors as they occurs.

History

The term poka-yoke was applied by Shigeo Shingo in the 1960s to industrial processes designed to prevent human errors. Shingo redesigned a process in which factory workers, while assembling a small switch, would often forget to insert the required spring under one of the switch buttons. In the redesigned process, the worker would perform the task in two steps, first preparing the two required springs and placing them in a placeholder, then inserting the springs from the placeholder into the switch. When a spring remained in the placeholder, the workers knew that they had forgotten to insert it and could correct the mistake effortlessly.

Shingo distinguished between the concepts of inevitable human mistakes and defects in the production. Defects occur when the mistakes are allowed to reach the customer. The aim of poka-yoke is to design the process so that mistakes can be detected and corrected immediately, eliminating defects at the source.

Principles of Mistake-proofing / Poka-Yoke

1. Elimination (“don’t do it anymore”) is to eliminate the possibility of error by redesigning the product or process so that the task or part is no longer necessary.

2. Prevention (“make sure it can never be done wrong”) is to design and engineer the product or process so that it is impossible to make a mistake at all.

3. Replacement (“use something better “) is to substitute a more reliable process to improve consistency.

4. Facilitation (“make tasks easier to perform”) is to employ. Techniques and to combine steps to make work easier to perform.

5. Detection (“notice what is going wrong and stop it”) is to identify an error before further processing occurs so that the user can quickly correct the problem.

6. Mitigation (“don’t let the situation get too bad”) is to seek to minimize the effects of errors.

Elimination, Prevention, Replacement and Facilitation are to avoid the occurrence of mistakes. Detection and Mitigation are to minimize the effects of mistakes once they occur.

Examples Of Poka-yoke:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Implementation in Manufacturing

Poka-yoke can be implemented at any step of a manufacturing process where something can go wrong, or an error can be made. For example, a fixture that holds pieces for processing might be modified to only allow pieces to be held in the correct orientation, or a digital counter might track the number of spot welds on each piece to ensure that the worker executes the correct number of welds.

Shingo recognized three types of poka-yoke for detecting and preventing errors in a mass production system:

1. The contact method identifies product defects by testing the product’s shape, size, color, or other physical attributes.

2. The fixed-value (or constant number) method alerts the operator if a certain number of movements are not made.

3. The motion-step (or sequence) method determines whether the prescribed steps of the process have been followed.

Either the operator is alerted when a mistake is about to be made, or the poka-yoke device prevents the mistake from being made. In Shingo’s lexicon, the former implementation would be called a warning poka-yoke, while the latter would be referred to as a control poka-yoke.

Shingo argued that errors are inevitable in any manufacturing process, but that if appropriate poka-yokes are implemented, then mistakes can be caught quickly and prevented from resulting in defects. By eliminating defects at the source, the cost of mistakes within a company is reduced.

A methodic approach to build up poka-yoke countermeasures has been proposed by the Applied Problem Solving (APS) methodology, which consists of a three-step analysis of the risks to be managed:

1. Identification of the need

2. Identification of possible mistakes

3. Management of mistakes before satisfying the need

This approach can be used to emphasize the technical aspect of finding effective solutions during brainstorming sessions.

3 Rules of Poka Yoke

1. Do not wait for the perfect POKA YOKE. Do it now!

2. If your Poka-Yoke idea has better than 50% chance to succeed…Do it!

3. Do it now…. improve later!

Benefits Of poka-yoke Implementation

A typical feature of poka-yoke solutions is that they don’t let an error in a process happen. Other advantages include:

1. Less time spent on training workers.

2. Elimination of many operations related to quality control;

3. Unburdening of operators from repetitive operations.

4. Promotion of the work improvement-oriented approach and actions.

5. A reduced number of rejects.

6. Immediate action when a problem occurs.

7. 100% built-in quality control.

8. Preventing bad products from reaching customers.

9. Detecting mistakes as they occur.

10. Eliminating defects before they occur.

References:

1. Robinson, Harry (1997). “Using Poka-Yoke Techniques for Early Defect Detection”. Berry College. Archived from the original on December 27, 2014. Retrieved May 4, 2009.

2. ^ Jump up to:a b c Shingo, Shigeo; Dillon, Andrew (1989). A study of the Toyota production system from an industrial engineering viewpoint. Portland, OR: Productivity Press. ISBN 0-915299-17-8. OCLC 19740349.

3. ^ John R. Grout, Brian T. Downs. “A Brief Tutorial on Mistake-proofing, Poka-Yoke, and ZQC”. John Grout’s Mistake-Proofing Center. Archived from the original on Apr 14, 2009. Retrieved May 4, 2009.

4. ^ “The Sayings of Shigeo Shingo: Key Strategies for Plant Improvement”. QualityCoach.Net. ISBN 9781563273841. Archived from the original on January 28, 2014. Retrieved August 20, 2012.

5. ^ Jump up to:a b “Poka Yoke or Mistake Proofing :: Overview”. The Quality Portal. Retrieved May 5, 2009.

6. ^ Jump up to:a b Nikan (1988). Poka-yoke: improving product quality by preventing defects. Productivity Press. p. 111. ISBN 978-0-915299-31-7.

7. ^ Ivan Fantin (2014). Applied Problem Solving. Method, Applications, Root Causes, Countermeasures, Poka-Yoke and A3. How to make things happen to solve problems. Milan, Italy: Createspace, an Amazon company. ISBN 978-1499122282

8. ^ Misiurek, Bartosz (2016). Standardized Work with TWI: Eliminating Human Errors in Production and Service Processes. New York: Productivity Press. ISBN 9781498737548.